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Gaia GPS

Hiker navigating with Gaia GPS
AndroidApp UpdatesGaia GPSiOS

Plan Your Next Adventure with Enhanced Search Results

by Lucas Wojciechowski July 25, 2018
written by Lucas Wojciechowski

Gaia GPS search helps you find parks, forests, trails, cities, and more.

As a new software engineer on the Gaia GPS team, my first big project was to revamp the search experience. I’m excited to share some of the improvements we’ve made that you can use today on the web, iOS, and Android.

Tactical Search Results

Find what you’re looking for quickly, whether it’s down the street or across the continent.

Search results are now sorted by how “notable” each place is. Gaia GPS determines notability using data such as:

  • whether the place has a wikipedia page or website
  • what type of place it is (national parks are more notable than regional parks)
  • the population cities
  • the height of mountains

When I search for Yosemite from my home town, I now see “Yosemite National Park” rather than “Yosemite Marsh.”

Gaia GPS Improves Search Functionality

Select the Optimal Search Result

Each result now displays the name of the park, forest, or wilderness area it is within. When I search for “waterfall,” I have a better sense of where each one is and what else is nearby.

Gaia GPS Improves Search Functionality

Tap on a result to be taken to the location on the map with additional information like ‘Popular Hikes’ and options to ‘Send to app’ or ‘Download’.

Gaia GPS Improves Search Functionality - example of Yosemite National Park result

Additional Search Improvements

  • You will no longer see duplicate search results for parks with multiple administrative zones.
  • Navigate search results using the keyboard. Type your query, press the down key to select a place, then press the enter key to learn more about the result.
  • Paste coordinates into the search field to jump to a specific spot on the map. Gaia GPS currently supports decimal latitude longitude, DMS latitude longitude, and UTM.

Gaia GPS welcomes feedback. Please contact support@gaiagps.com if you have ideas on how we can further improve search or other features.

July 25, 2018
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female hiker using Gaia GPS on Android phone to navigate the trail.
AndroidApp UpdatesGaia GPS

Advanced Trail and Park Search in Gaia GPS Android Update v7.0.8

by Robyn Martin July 6, 2018
written by Robyn Martin

Hat tip this week to Andy Crampton, who joined Gaia GPS just a few weeks ago, and has already shipped a splendid Android update.

The new version (7.0.8) brings Gaia Search to Android, vastly improving search, and bringing Android in alignment with gaiagps.com and the iOS app. Andy also nailed a couple of the top bugs we’ve seen in logs and reports, so this release should be a big boon to almost everyone.

We’re expecting an accelerated ongoing Android development schedule now!

Search with Ease

Gaia GPS for Android now suggests locations as you search and marks results with descriptive icons for trails, peaks, forests, and more. Searches show a vastly improved list of possible points of interest, meticulously filtered to give more accurate suggestions. Fine-tune your selection with subtitles for each result denoting specific locale – designed to help when there are multiple results with the same name.

You may have already seen this new search capability in action on gaiagps.com or in Gaia GPS on iOS. Now that all three platforms are aligned expect to see continuous improvements to the search results you receive.

Gaia GPS for Android now suggests locations as you search and marks results with descriptive icons for trails, peaks, forests, and more.

Tap a search suggestion to be taken there on the map. The app will automatically mark a temporary pin at the location.

Gaia GPS app will automatically mark a temporary pin at the location.

Behind the Scenes

Among various usability improvements, this update relieves a sometimes slow or unresponsive ‘Saved’ menu — one of the most-common in-app freezes experienced by users. Now open saved tracks, waypoints, and routes without hesitation.

Also notable – GPX file imports are now more reliable, and we fixed an issue where the password reset button wouldn’t work.

Disable Analytics

We respect user privacy and now include an option to disable analytics. Shared analytics, diagnostics, and usage information allow us to make informed decisions about how to improve the app. You can opt-out of this setting in the app under Settings > Other.

Support and Feedback

Anyone can download or update to the latest version of Gaia GPS for free.Google Play Store button for Gaia GPSIf you like the update, spread the word by leaving a review.

Want to give more in-depth feedback? Send a note to support@gaiagps.com.

July 6, 2018
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The 9 Most Popular Hiking Maps in Gaia GPS
Gaia GPS

The 9 Most Popular Hiking Maps in Gaia GPS

by Angela Crampton June 22, 2018
written by Angela Crampton

Start navigating trails near you this summer with the 9 most popular hiking maps in Gaia GPS.

Every map contains unique characteristics that offer different tools for navigation. Some show distance grids or points of interest, while others heavily focus on features like land shading, topographic information, and elevation. The maps you choose can play different roles in hike planning and preparation.

For a refresher course on reading a map, check out How to Read a Topo Map.

Add and View New Map Sources

First, watch below for a quick review on how to find and add more map sources in Gaia GPS for iOS. If you use an Android device, click here to watch an Android specific tutorial.

The Most Popular Hiking Maps

Gaia GPS offers over 250 maps in total. The below hiking-specific maps get added more often than any other hiking sources.

Gaia Topo

Available for free to all users, Gaia Topo provides a worldwide topographic map based on OpenStreetMap, styled like USGS topographic maps. Gaia Topo offers a functional and beautiful worldwide map with extraordinary detail at all scales and comes optimized for display on mobile devices.

Available in both feet and meters, the map also prominently depicts peak elevations, points of interest, parks, campgrounds and more.

Gaia Topo hiking map

USGS Topo

USGS Topo illustrate classic topographic maps for the U.S., from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS prints wider index contour lines for easy visibility, and typically measures maps in feet. Contour intervals vary by map, depending on the area’s relief.

Often referred to as quadrangle maps, the most used USGS topographic maps have a scale of 1:24,000 and cover 7.5 minutes of longitude by 7.5 minutes of latitude. The quads get scanned into digital files and seamed together into one continuous quilt, making them potentially less crisp and clear than modern topographic maps based on OpenStreetMap (OSM).

Learn how to read a USGS Topo map.

Gaia GPS USGS Topo hiking map

NatGeo Trails Illustrated

One of the most trusted and popular recreation maps available for the United State’s favorite outdoor destinations. The National Geographic Trail Illustrated maps include detailed topographic information, clearly marked trails, recreational points of interest, and navigational aids.

The Gaia GPS team has worked hard at adding more National Geographic maps to the catalog since the first release. New long-distance trail maps like the Appalachian Trail and John Muir Trail gives thru-hikers access to maps on their smartphone. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS National Geographic Trails Illustrated hiking map

World Imagery

Created by ESRI, the World Imagery base map provides satellite and aerial views of the world. Most people who use maps to navigate understand the importance of using satellite imagery to get an understanding of what the terrain looks like. Satellite maps make exploring a little simpler than using a contour map alone. Make sure to research when the satellite images were last updated. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS World Imagery hiking map

US Shaded Relief

The World Shaded Relief overlay from ESRI provides worldwide coverage and when combined with Gaia GPS base maps, produces a topographical map with 3-dimensional (3D) styling. Pair US Shaded Relief overlay to your favorite topographic map and adjust the transparency for map details. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS US Shaded Relief hiking maps Gaia GPS US Shaded Relief hiking maps

NeoTreks Land Use

The layer shows high-detail ownership boundaries for federal, state, local, and municipal lands, as well as private inholdings. NeoTreks Land Use display topographic maps for the U.S. with land cover detail and hillshading. The map marks more than 250,000 trails. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS NeoTreks Land Use hiking maps

Canada’s Backroad Mapbooks

Backroad Mapbooks’ award-winning map source provides a dynamic scale topographic base map for all areas of Canada. The map includes road networks for all major highways and freeways, arterial, collector and residential roads. It also includes industry and resource backroads and winter access.

In addition to roads, the maps include elevation contours with hillshading, land and water features, and other land uses such as parks, conservation and wilderness areas, recreation areas, Crown Land and Public Land Use Zones, First Nations Reserves, Department of National Defense Lands and more. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS Backroads Mapbooks hiking maps

SwissTopo

SwissTopo details beautiful handmade cartography. SwissTopo features elevation shading and contour lines, and emphasizes peak and range names. These maps of Switzerland are perfect for hiking, skiing, and planning trips in the Alps. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS SwissTopo hiking maps

France IGN Topo

Similar to USGS topos, France IGN Topo maps provide beautiful, accurate, hand-drawn maps. Maps include points of interest, landmarks, contours, roads, and huts (or rifugio). The contour details allow outdoor enthusiasts to explore the various mountain ranges within France, along with navigating city sights and roads. Available with Premium Membership.

Gaia GPS France IGN Topo hiking maps

Check out a complete list of Gaia GPS maps and overlays here.

Before You Go Hiking

After testing all the maps, don’t forget to create a route to follow, download the map offline, or print a paper copy before you start your hike.

June 22, 2018
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Gaia GPS Welcomes 5 New Team Members
Company NewsGaia GPS

Gaia GPS Welcomes 5 New Team Members

by Staff Reports June 8, 2018
written by Staff Reports

We’re delighted to announce a big expansion in the Gaia GPS team.

Five new people joined over the course of this spring, including two software engineers, two user support reps, and a marketing writer.

Navigate to the company page to read their bios and learn more.


Andy Crampton
Android Dev

Angela Crampton
Marketing

Chris Hill
Support

Robyn Martin
Support

Lucas Wojciechowski
Website Dev

Who We Hire

Across all positions, a core requirement for working on Gaia GPS is a person who would use Gaia GPS. The person doesn’t only hike but spends a lot of time in the sort of outdoor situations that needs a map.

This hiring round was no exception to the rule. Three of the five new hires came from within the Gaia GPS community itself. And, notably, Gaia GPS completed its triple crown with this hiring round, now employing people who have thru-hiked each of the major national trails—Appalachian Trail, Pacific Coast Trail, and the Continental Divide Trail.

Beyond outdoor cred, we look for great talent in writing, programming, and design, and these days, Gaia GPS gets some darn good applicants (as you can see above!).

Upcoming Hiring

We’re taking a breath right now and learning how to work as a 10-person team, but we plan to hire more people towards the end of 2018 and into 2019. Beyond the full-time hires, some people have also started doing some contract cartography, video, and writing work for Gaia GPS.

Feel free to send your resume to jobs@gaiagps.com if you want to be considered for future engineering, marketing, design, support, and other positions. And check here for current and future openings.

Still Bootstrapped

Gaia GPS continues to grow organically, 100% driven by the Gaia GPS community.

We’ve never felt like we had enough people to do everything we want to do, from burnishing the app, to improving the website, to making videos for the help manuals. And we probably still don’t have enough to do everything we want and the community wants, but we’re much closer!

June 8, 2018
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camp set up on the JMT photo by Miguel Vieira
Gaia GPSNew Maps

NatGeo John Muir Trail (JMT) Maps Now Available in Gaia GPS

by Angela Crampton April 20, 2018
written by Angela Crampton

Whether you’re a thru-hiker or section hiker, use the National Geographic John Muir Trail map to help plan your JMT adventure with Gaia GPS. The Premium base map includes detailed topographic information, clearly marked trails, recreational points of interest, and navigational aids.

Gaia GPS NatGeo John Muir Trail map preview GIF

What is the John Muir Trail?

Have you wanted to thru-hike but haven’t had months to hit the trail? The John Muir Trail (JMT) provides an alternative that averages 15 days to hike a total of 210.4 miles.

Located in California and named after outdoor explorer and wilderness advocate, John Muir, the JMT passes through the Sierra Nevada mountains and various wilderness areas, like Ansel Adams Wilderness.

gaia gps john muir trail map preview on ipad

Wilderness permits are required for the trail through the national park service. If you aren’t able to obtain a permit, consider section hiking portions of the trail instead.

The John Muir Trail map by National Geographic provides helpful nuggets of information on where to camp, water resources, and campfire restrictions.

gaia gps natgeo john muir trial map

How to add the John Muir Trail map

If you use an Android device, click here to watch an Android specific tutorial.

Step 1: To check out the new map, open the Layers menu (iOS/Android/GaiaGPS.com) and navigate to the “Premium Base Maps” section and turn on the “NatGeo John Muir Trail” map.

gaia gps natgeo john muir trail base map

Step 2: Search “John Muir Trail,” go directly John Muir Trail page, or drag map onto screen to view the yellow highlighted trail.

Step 3: From the Map Sources menu, select the “NatGeo John Muir Trail” map source.

Step 4: Download the map for offline use.

gaia gps natgeo john muir trail base map

National Geographic long distance trail maps

Last year, we added National Geographic Trails Illustrated maps as a separate map in Gaia GPS.

Beginning with the addition of the John Muir Trail map, we plan to continue introducing more National Geographic long distance trail maps over the course of this year.

A Premium membership with Gaia GPS includes the option to layer map sources and access to all of the premium maps. 


Featured image by Miguel Vieira.

April 20, 2018
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Add World Shaded Relief to Your Maps
Gaia GPSHuntingNew Maps

Add World Shaded Relief to Your Maps

by Nathan Copeland March 30, 2018
written by Nathan Copeland

Whether you travel internationally or hike in your local forest, use the latest shading relief overlay in Gaia GPS to bring your maps to life.

What is shaded relief?

The new World Shaded Relief overlay from ESRI provides worldwide coverage and when combined with Gaia GPS base maps, produces a topographical map with 3-dimensional (3D) styling.

Shaded relief shows a visual of terrain elevation (similar to contour lines) based on the sun’s angle. [1] The 3D shading appears on terrain as if the sun was setting on the western horizon, where west-facing slopes shades are lighter than east-facing slopes. Surface features like mountains, ridgelines, canyons, and valleys will have variable shading. If an area is flat in elevation, the map will not show any shading.

Gaia GPS World Shaded Relief overlay

How to add the World Shaded Relief overlay

Step 1: To check out the new overlay, open the Layers menu (iOS/Android) and navigate to the “Premium Overlay” section and turn on the World Shaded Relief overlay.

Step 2: Get the most out of the World Shaded Relief overlay by setting it as the top layer with 50% – 60% transparency.

GAIA GPS US shaded relief overlay transparency

Preview World Shaded Relief map overlay

Check out this before and after example for adding the World Shaded Relief overlay to the Canada Topo West base map.

Gaia GPS World Shaded Relief overlay

A Premium Membership with Gaia GPS includes the option to layer map sources and access to all of the premium overlays. 


[1] “ESRI GIS Dictionary“. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
Featured image by Angela Crampton.

March 30, 2018
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Gaia GPS

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

by Angela Crampton March 22, 2018
written by Angela Crampton

You’ve seen the photos of green lights dancing around the night sky and want to view the northern lights yourself. The forecast predicts clear skies and high visibility. You need to get out of the city’s light pollution but need to plan where to go.

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Matt Lamers

What causes auroras?

Space.com explains the science behind the auroras natural wonder. Storms on the sun propel solar charged particles to the solar system. When the particle stream crosses Earth, Earth’s magnetic field and atmosphere react. The particles join with atoms and molecules causing the atoms to light up.

Learn more about the science behind auroras here.

1. When and where to go

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Jonatan Pie

Whether you plan a northern lights trip or chase the local forecast near you, you’ll need dark skies–the closer to the winter solstice the better.

High latitudes, like Alaska, Norway, Iceland and Canada have the greatest chances since they are close to the Arctic circle. The lesser viewed aurora australis, or southern lights, appear in remote parts of Antarctica but can sometimes be seen from New Zealand and southern parts of South America.

Tip: Focus on the destination first and northern lights second. Don’t plan an entire trip around seeing the northern lights. Weather is unpredictable and you may be disappointed.

2. Use aurora and weather forecasts

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Nelly Volkovich

Similar to weather forecasts, apps (like My Aurora Forecast and Flowx Smart Weather) and websites (like NOAA.gov and Geophysical Institute) now provide forecasts on the aurora visibility and where the northern lights may appear. Combine the northern light forecasts with cloud coverage predictions to ensure the skies are visible during the light show.

Check the moon cycle. Planning a trip during a full moon isn’t optimal. Snow is reflective and the moon will brighten up the surroundings, which makes it good for night landscape photography to expose the foreground but bad for sky photography. Don’t only look at the moon cycle but the rise and set times to know how to avoid the moon’s light pollution.

3. Read a map to find the best viewing potential

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Uroš Jovičić

Time to read a map and figure out the logistics after finding a weather window.

Line of sight to northern horizon

Search the map for features where you’ll have a clear view of the northern horizon and are away from light pollution. Learn how to read a topo map to gain a better understanding of terrain.

Make sure you understand the map features indicating ridgelines and valleys. Navigate out of valleys and find ridgelines or peaks for vantage points.

Preview the surroundings: Satellite overlay

Scan maps and overlays, including satellite views, to ensure trees and mountains won’t block the horizon. Seek alpine landscapes above the treeline to maximize line-of-sight. Try and find the date the satellite map was created to help understand how relevant the data.

Tree coverage: USFS Timber Harvest overlay

GAIA GPS USFS Timber Harvest overlay

Use USFS Timber Harvest premium overlay to find forest lands harvested any time since the mid 1800s. Play with the overlay to find areas that may not have as much tree coverage to ensure you have clear views.

4. Get Outside

The aurora forecast app notified you about a chance for the northern lights to be present near you. All your planning shows clear skies and new moon giving you a window to get outside.

Take a hike

Not all hiking trails are equally the same. Some trails meander through forests without wide sweeping views or stay in valleys. Try finding a familiar trail that has clear views, it also helps with navigation since you’ll be hiking in the dark.

Use Gaia GPS to search for public hikes near the area you want to go. Don’t follow the routes blind. Dig into the terrain more with the map layers mentioned above and below to ensure it is the right trail for the adventure.

Forest roads: USFS Motor Vehicle Use Maps overlay

Being close to your car near a remote trailhead keeps you more flexible than hiking. Park for a view where the lights should appear and stay inside away from the brisk wind until a glimpse of activity on the horizon.

GAIA GPS USFS MVUM (motor vehicle use maps) overlay

The USFS MVUM premium overlay on Gaia GPS provides a starting point for finding the road less traveled.

Consider turning off the dome lights and headlights to avoid damaging night vision. You’ll also make friends if you aren’t alone.

5. How to see the northern lights

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Vincent Guth

You did your research and found the perfect location to sit back and enjoy the aurora lights. Unlike the long-exposure photos you see across the internet (and in this blog post), the lights may be hard to find if you don’t know what you’re looking for. At first you think your eyes are deceiving you until you realize that small glimmer of light on the horizon may actually be the northern lights.

Still not sure? If you have a camera with long exposure and tripod, set it up to see if lights appear in the frame (it doesn’t have to be in focus to check).

Sit back and enjoy the show.

6. Stay warm

The sun set and the air is frigid. Unless you plan on doing a cardio workout and being continually on the move, you need to make sure to stay warm while in position to see the show.

Bring big puffy jackets and long underwear. Ok, it may be a little extreme but staying warm will help you focus on the views and less about the atmosphere. Here are some tips on how to layer for winter hiking. Don’t forget that jumping jacks or cardio every so many minutes will keep the blood pumping and your body warm.

While taking photos of the northern lights or staying still, consider bringing a form of insulation (cardboard or a sit pad) to either sit or stand on. Keep your feet warm with wool socks and insulated or waterproof boots.

Mittens decrease dexterity but allow you to ball-up your fingers. Consider wearing liner gloves under an overmit. When you need to use your fingers, take off the overmits.

7. Planning your trip

How to Find the Best Hikes for Viewing the Northern Lights

Photo by Bjørn Are Andreassen

Flights during off-season or winter months can be less expensive than visiting the destination in the summer. Same goes for hotels and rental cars. Set up alerts from your home airport to various northern light destinations and monitor flight deals to keep the costs down. Some airlines have provided package deals to include flights, hotel, and tours.

Depending on your travel style, consider booking northern light specific tours in the evening. Tours allow you to optimize where you go and takes away from additional planning on where to go. Plus, you don’t have to worry about driving in winter conditions (icy or snowy roads). If you plan on booking a tour, consider finding accomodation close to the pick up location. Bonus if your tour picks you up at your hotel.

Unlike vacations, a northern lights trip may not leave you feeling relaxed and rejuvenated. Don’t expect to get much sleep as you plan your evening events.

Final thoughts

If you’re located in the northern hemisphere, consider downloading a forecast app that will notify you when the aurora will be seen near you. Pair a forecast app with Gaia GPS to find the best place to view the lights. Oh, and don’t forget to download the maps offline before you go.

March 22, 2018
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Gaia GPS Adds Bob Marshall Wilderness to National Geographic Map Layer
Gaia GPSNew Maps

Gaia GPS Adds Bob Marshall Wilderness to National Geographic Map Layer

by Nathan Copeland March 7, 2018
written by Nathan Copeland

The National Geographic Trails Illustrated layer now includes full coverage of the Bob Marshall Wilderness in northwest Montana.

Gaia GPS Adds Bob Marshall Wilderness to National Geographic Map Layer

The Bob Marshall Wilderness Area, nicknamed “The Bob”, ranks as the fifth largest wilderness area in the continental U.S. and covers over 1 million areas of pristine alpine lakes, waterfalls, and ionic peaks like the Chinese Wall section of the Continental Divide. [1] The Bob also includes over 84 miles of the Continental Divide Trail (CDT).

Follow Gaia GPS on Facebook or Twitter to keep up to date with the all the new additions to the National Geographic Trails Illustrated layer

Gaia GPS Adds Bob Marshall Wilderness to National Geographic Map Layer

Want to check out Gaia GPS’s National Geographic Trails Illustrated layer but not a Premium Member? Subscribe to Gaia GPS Premium or Premium with Outside+ today.


[1] “Wilderness.net Wilderness Data Search page“. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
Feature photo by Sam Beebe.

March 7, 2018
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Build the Ultimate USFS Map with Gaia GPS Map Overlays
Gaia GPSHuntingNew Maps

Build Ultimate USFS Maps with Gaia GPS Map Overlays

by Nathan Copeland March 2, 2018
written by Nathan Copeland

U.S. national forests (USFS) host a wide variety of outdoor activities from backpacking to hunting to overland excursions. The Gaia GPS suite of USFS maps and premium overlays provide the best offline maps for any of the USFS managed lands.

Learn how to add overlays to base maps for finding outdoor adventure in U.S. national forest land.

Choosing USFS base maps

USFS 2016 & USFS Classic

These two base maps provide complete coverage for all 174 national forests and grasslands. The USFS Classic and USFS 2016 layers display the topographical relief of USFS managed lands and include trails, points of interests, and USFS forest roads labels. Click here to learn more about these base maps.

GAIA GPS USFS maps

Adding national forest map overlays

A map layer is a base map used for navigation. Map overlays allow users to combine aligning coordinate systems on top of a map layer for additional information. Gaia GPS provides a way to add overlays to a map, along with an opaque scale to see multiple overlays in one instance. Check out the below overlays for a detailed mapping experience within the U.S. national forests.

USFS Timber Harvest

The Timber Harvest overlay is the most recent addition to the interactive premium overlays available in Gaia GPS. The overlay conveniently displays forest lands harvested any time since the mid-1800s. Tap on any of the green areas on the Timber Harvest layer to reveal more information like the name of the project, area logged, when the project finished, and the harvest method.

Skiers may find the overlay helpful when planning backcountry ski trips that involve navigating tree-covered slopes.

GAIA GPS USFS Timber Harvest overlay

US Wildfires

Viewing current and historical wildfires adds additional depth to the USFS Classic and USFS 2016 layers. Try combining the Timber Harvest and the US Wildfire overlays to quickly display the status of our national forests. Click here to learn more about the current and historical US Wildfires overlay.

GAIA GPS US Wildfires overlay

USFS MVUM

After finding the perfect spot for your next adventure, turn on the USFS MVUM (motor vehicle use maps) layer for extra insight on USFS road designations. This overlay color codes USFS road by approved vehicle type and tapping the roads displays more information.

GAIA GPS USFS MVUM (motor vehicle use maps) overlay

Building the ultimate forest map

Combining all or just a couple of these USFS specific overlays with the USFS base maps or Gaia Topo produces great offline maps (iOS/Android) for any activity in the national forests.

Know what to expect in terms of habitat before you start your hunt with USFS Timber Harvest and US Wildfire overlays. Check out the San Isabel National Forest in southern Colorado or the Osceloa National Forest on the Florida-Georgia line.

GAIA GPS - San Isabel National Forest in southern Colorado or the Osceloa National Forest on the Florida-Georgia line.

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March 2, 2018
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AdventuresGaia GPS

93 Miles Around Mount Rainier: How to Thru-Hike the Wonderland Trail

by Ashli Baldwin February 15, 2018
written by Ashli Baldwin

Early summer is here. The days are long, warm, and gorgeous. But for those of us looking forward to backpacking season in the Pacific Northwest, summer won’t truly arrive for another two months. Snow still abounds in the Cascades and Olympics, covering some of the best backpacking routes in the state: Seven Lakes Basin in Olympic National Park, the Enchantments in Alpine Lakes Wilderness, and, at the top of almost everyone’s list, the Wonderland Trail in Mt. Rainier National Park: 93 miles of pure beauty circling one of America’s most iconic mountains. Jaw-dropping vistas, gorgeous wildflowers, lowland forests, wild rivers—this trail has it all.

And that includes a reputation for difficulty that precedes it: The trail travels over countless ridges as it undulates along the edge of Mount Rainier for a cumulative 22,000 feet of elevation gain. The National Park Service encourages backpackers—of whom there are roughly 200-250 who thru-hike the trail per year—to allocate 10-14 days to complete the trail, averaging 7 to 10 miles per day. Unfortunately, most of us won’t have 14 days this summer to spend circling the Wonderland Trail, as much as the trail deserves that kind of leisurely pace. But just because you can’t spend two full weeks thoroughly exploring every meadow and side trail, doesn’t mean you have to postpone your plans indefinitely. The reality is that it is not only possible to complete the trail in less time, but it might even be more enjoyable than a longer hike. On a short hike you can stay only at the choicest campsites, hike straight through the mosquito swarms in mid-afternoon, and be on the trail at dawn and sunset, seeing the mountain at its greatest advantage.

What you choose to do depends on your personal preference—do you want to spend as much of each day hiking as possible, or do you enjoy an hour-long break at each new vista? Do you want to keep your pack lightweight, with only the essentials, or is it important to you to bring along a camp chair, coffee press, or camera tripod? Do you have two weeks to hike the trail, or only one?

If you enjoy long days on the trail, a 5-7 day thru-hike of the Wonderland Trail might be perfect for you. And the good news is that while a shorter hike requires a more structured day to ensure you cover the necessary miles, it also offers more flexibility.

Here’s a look at how to prepare for a 5-7 day thru-hike of the Wonderland Trail:

Taking to the immaculate singletrack along the Wonderland Trail
Taking to the immaculate singletrack along the Wonderland Trail

Homini

Get the Right Gear

If you haven’t updated your backpacking gear since the 1990s, now is the time to do it. To hike long days with high mileage you’ll need a lightweight pack. Ideally, the total weight of your pack, including food and water, will be a maximum of 20% of your body weight, and ideally closer to 15%, or even 10% (so, if you weigh 150 pounds, your pack should never be more than 30 pounds). Don’t compromise your trip by taking a pack that is unnecessarily heavy. If you’re looking for high-quality lightweight gear for the first time, there are a number of online resources that can get you started:

  • PlanYourHike.com
  • OutdoorGearLab.com
  • CleverHiker.com

The Importance of a Map

While the Wonderland Trail is so well-marked that it’s possible you may go your entire trip without pulling it out, don’t skip out on your map as a way to save an ounce or two of weight, as snowfields or washed out stream crossings may make the trail difficult to follow. Download the Gaia GPS Wonderland Trail map, grab the Green Trails Wonderland Map, or the National Geographic Mount Rainier National Park map.

Have the Proper Training

In addition to your map, take the time to get acquainted with the elevation profile for the Wonderland Trail. You’ll be tackling numerous 3,000 foot elevation gains and losses over the course of your trip—possibly even multiple times in one day. So be sure to spend the months leading up to your hike taking advantage of any opportunity to grab your daypack and tackle some steep climbs.

The difficulty of the elevation is partially mitigated by trail conditions: this is a well-loved, carefully maintained, thoughtfully constructed trail. And while trail conditions will change from year to year, and you should check with the park service before making any final decisions, experienced hikers can and should plan to wear trail runners, which will both increase their speed and reduce stress-related injuries.

Food and Water

You'll need a water filtration system—the Sawyer Squeeze is simple and easy to use.
You’ll need a water filtration system—the Sawyer Squeeze is simple and easy to use.

Laura Lancaster

Remember that hiking big days means that your body will require more food per day than it would on a normal backpacking trip. The good news is that you can get away with carrying less water since you’ll be spending less time in-between the trail’s many water sources. For the Wonderland Trail, I recommend carrying a two liter capacity, which should be more than sufficient. Remember to carry a water filtration system as well—don’t assume that the water sources you run into will be sparkling clean (even if they look it). The Sawyer Squeeze filtration products are arguably the best bang for your buck, and they’re incredibly easy and efficient to use. But there are plenty of other filtration methods out there worth researching.

Plan for Mosquitoes

Nothing is more frustrating than arriving at camp in early afternoon only to be forced into your tent by hordes of mosquitoes. And while hiking at a brisk pace can help to keep the bugs away during the shoulder seasons, the prime hiking months inevitably correspond with the worst of the swarms. Bring along a lightweight bug net and, if you prefer to hike in shorts and a t-shirt, a lightweight layer that will cover your arms and legs. To save weight, another option is to pick out a lightweight shell layer that can double as a mosquito barrier without causing you to overheat.

As an alternative to bug spray, consider spraying your clothes in advance with permethrin, which will offer protection against mosquitoes for the entire length of your trip.

Make a Reservation

Lowland forests along the Wonderland Trail
Lowland forests along the Wonderland Trail

Laura Lancaster

Unlike other trails in the Pacific Northwest, the Wonderland Trail doesn’t just require a permit, it also requires you to choose your campsites in advance of your trip. And campsites are limited: most stops on the trail only have about six sites. The good news is that the stops themselves are plentiful: 23 in total, as well as an option to stay at Longmire Lodge for those willing to splurge.

Keep in mind that not all campsites are created equal: Indian Bar is a highly coveted spot while Dick Creek will have more spots available. If you can, plan your trip so that the destination campsites are at the back-end of your hike to better ensure that you get your top picks.

For years, aspiring thru-hikers would prepare their reservation form in the days leading up to March 15, and then rush to fax, mail, or show up in person to secure a coveted spot at Mystic Lake, Indian Bar, or Summerland. But, thanks to a computer glitch, the parks service did something a bit unusual for 2016—they opened up all reservations to first come, first serve. Take advantage of the situation this year by allowing the weather to plan your trip for you, picking out a week when the wildflowers are in full bloom and the mountain is out, and arrive at the ranger station with a flexible itinerary in mind.

If you prefer the security of having a reservation confirmed in advance, look forward to the 2017 season, when the parks service expects to have a new online system in place.

Clockwise or Counterclockwise?

Conventional wisdom says to hike the Wonderland Trail clockwise, to avoid hiking the steepest section on the uphills. But I suggest the opposite: while steep uphills are difficult in the moment and require a degree of physical training to be ready for, hiking the steepest sections on the downhill puts a huge strain on your joints that are likely to take longer to recover from than muscle fatigue. Save your knees and hike the Wonderland Trail counterclockwise.

Transportation

If you are from out of town, plan to rent a car for the duration of your Wonderland Trail hike, as it is very difficult to get to and from any of the trailheads without one. When you confirm your reservation at the ranger station they will take information on your vehicle at the same time so that you can leave it at the trailhead where you plan to start and end.

When to Go

The typical hiking season for the Wonderland Trail runs from mid-July to early September, but these are simply rough parameters for when the snow has sufficiently melted to allow for an unencumbered thru-hike. Check with the ranger station to find out what current conditions are like, as the snow level could force your hike later into the season, or allow you to get an early start. In 2015, the year my husband and I hiked the trail, it was a drought year, and we planned our hike for early July, weeks ahead of when the first hikers normally begin. When we started hiking that year, the snow was nearly melted, the wildflowers were in full bloom, and the crowds that August would typically see were nowhere to be found.

Choose a Resupply Spot

Ahh, resupply. There might not be anything better.
Ahh, resupply. There might not be anything better.

Laura Lancaster

One way to reduce your pack weight is to plan a resupply. This way you carry only a few days of food at a time, rather than a week’s worth right at the start.

There are four places along the Wonderland Trail that you can mail a resupply box to:

  • Longmire Information Center
  • White River Campground
  • Sunrise Visitor Center
  • Mowich Lake Patrol Cabin

Ship your package in a hard-sided plastic bucket (this is to keep out rodents) that is clearly labeled with your name, your resupply destination, the date you expect to arrive, and your permit number. Here’s how.

Plan Your Route

There are dozens of different permutations that you could create to hike the Wonderland Trail. Below are sample trips for five, six, and seven day thru-hikes that are designed to spread out the mileage evenly while maximizing the time spent at some of the trail’s most prized locations.

Five-day trip:

Beginning Trailhead: Fryingpan Creek
Direction: Counterclockwise

Campsites
Night #1: Carbon River
Mileage: 19.1 miles

Night #2: Golden Lakes
Mileage: 18.6 miles

Night #3: Devil’s Dream
Mileage: 18.5 miles

Night #4: Nickel Creek
Mileage: 19.3 miles

Finish: Fryingpan Creek
Mileage: 15.4 miles

Pros: Evenly spaced days maximize the odds that you’ll complete each leg before sundown.
Cons: Golden Lakes is lovely and Devil’s Dream has some unique rock formations, but the rest of the campsites on this itinerary aren’t the stars of the trail. But with this mileage, you’ll be spending so much of the day hiking that you’ll have less time to notice.

Taking in the views of Mount Rainier
Taking in the views of Mount Rainier

Laura Lancaster

Six-day trip:

Beginning Trailhead: Mowich Lake
Direction: Counterclockwise

Campsites
Night #1: North Puyallup River
Mileage: 15.1 miles

Night #2: Devil’s Dream
Mileage: 13.7 miles

Night #3: Maple Creek
Mileage: 16.2 miles

Night #4: Summerland
Mileage: 14.4 miles

Night #5: Mystic Lake
Mileage: 18.4 miles

Finish: Mowich Lake
Mileage: 13.1 miles

Pros: Spend your last night on the trail at gorgeous Mystic Lake, and then enjoy a leisurely morning before hiking the 13 miles back to Mowich Lake.
Cons: Your fifth day on trail, from Summerland to Mystic Lake, is both long and involves serious elevation gain and loss.

Seven day trip:

Beginning Trailhead: White River
Direction: Counterclockwise

Campsites
Night #1: Mystic Lake
Mileage: 12.9 miles

Night #2: Mowich Lake
Mileage: 13.1 miles

Night #3: North Puyallup River
Mileage: 15.1 miles

Night #4: Devil’s Dream
Mileage: 13.7 miles

Night #5: Maple Creek
Mileage: 16.2 miles

Night #6: Indian Bar
Mileage: 9.9 miles

Finish: White River
Mileage: 10 miles

Pros: A short day into Indian Bar and a short day to White River mean that you maximize your time on the jaw-dropping and sometimes difficult sections on the east side of the mountain.
Cons: The south side of the mountain offers quieter beauties than the rest, so your fifth day on the trail, between Devil’s Dream and Maple Creek may leave you wanting more after Klatpatche Park and Emerald Ridge the previous day. But it’s also the flattest side of the mountain, making it a great place to pack in the longest day on the trip.

Featured image provided by Laura Lancaster

February 15, 2018
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